1. The school has been funding for students to participate in different types of activities, but this year, since the lack of money, the school will fund one activity, which one do you think is the one the school should fund: sports, arts and volunteering.

解题思路：选择sports

① 投资体育设施(the investment in sports facilities)能够不仅给学生还给教职工（not only students but faculty）提供使用各种设施的便利（easy access to various activities），这对于处于压力下的（under huge pressure）的学生和老师来说是一个非常方便的放松机会。

② 体育馆的修建可以给学生更好的训练环境，如果学生能够参加相关比赛并取得不错的成绩，都是学校的荣誉，同时学校也有机会去承办一些体育活动(hold sports events)，这样对于学校提升自己知名度(increase its popularity)，可以吸引到更多投资或好的学生；

③ 所修建的体育设施可以对外开放，服务附近的居民，因此可以作为另一种谋利方式（can be regarded as a way to make extra profit），更可以缓解学习的经济负担（relieve the school's financial burden）。

 

 

2. Do you agree or disagree: In the past, people were more friendly than they are today.

解题思路：选择同意

① 过去人们交流更频繁。(People in the past were more accessible and communicated more frequently.) 现代建筑和科技阻隔了人与人之间的沟通，人们因此更加不了解。可以举例说现在和几十年前人居所的不同。

② 现在的人们更关心经济利益。在过去，人们会更关心对方。(Human beings used to be more caring about others than about economic profit.) 现在社会越来越物质化(materialistic)，把追求利益放在首位，所以不会去考虑对待别人的态度。

③ 过去人们更信任别人。(People in the past have more trust for others.)媒体中播报出的犯罪案件越来越多，人们潜意识(sub-consciously)里就不相信其他人，也没办法进行友好地交流。

 

 

 

 

3. Many university students are encouraged to study in those majors, which have an increase of job growth (more needed in the job market) like Science, Technology, Engineering, Math. What are your opinion about to choose those majors instead of what they are interested in? 

解题思路：选择自己感兴趣的

① Interest can help students achieve greater success in their area. 解释：当一个人的专业是其兴趣与未来职业规划的结合体时(a combination of interest and future career plan)，这无疑会促使一个人去花比别人更多的时间和努力去钻研自己的专业，那么即便这个专业不是one of the hottest major，学生仍有可能在该领域内获得很好的发展。并且这个学生会因为能够自己感兴趣的事情而感到快乐。（对比论证），相反情况，被迫使选择自己不感兴趣的专业，那么学生很可能一味地很纠结苦恼，并且无法完全沉浸在学习中。最终，即便这些学生学则的时hot major，但不能用心学习，不能在该领域去努力钻也，同样时无法得到好的未来发展的，并且不快乐。

② If students choose their interested majors by heart, the social competition tends to be naturally balanced. 解释：如果每个人都一味的去追逐所谓的热门专业，那么该领域的竞争必然会急剧加大（the competition in this major or area must increase dramatically）。这样发展下去（If so,），即便这是个社会需求量大的专业，也会因为人才过多而变得很难找到工作(even if it is a major in demand, it will become highly difficult for graduates to find job due to the superabundant job seekers)。

③ 让步：虽然说choosing a hot major seems guarantee a student a more stable future career development, which can be understood that the student might at least find a job for a living (最起码能找到一份谋生的工作). Nonetheless, 个人兴趣对于未来发展的不可忽视的影响（The unignorable influence of personal interest on future development），以及社会大环境的不断变化都应该被更多的考虑在大学专业的选择中。

 

 

 

4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has a large effect on your overall happiness than social life does.

解题思路：不同意，social life影响更大

① Social life involves more kinds and forms of activities and more aspects of personal life。 解释：工作只是个人生活的一个组成元素，往往最主要目的是为了生存。而social life会涉及到生活的方方面面（every aspect of life），并且有形式多样的活动（various activities，banquets, parties, clubs, trips, games等等）。

② Social life中我们可以更放松。解释：工作中需要follow so many strict rules and regulations, 而social life可以自由表达自己的个性（personality），更容易让我们开心。

③ Social life可以让我们得到真正的情感（real relationships），比如友情、爱情。解释：工作中我们面对的只是同事和客户（colleagues and clients），who mainly have interest relation with each other。而在social life中，各类活动能够帮助对别人有更深入的接触和了解，找到志同道合的朋友（friends in the same camp/ like-minded friends），甚至是灵魂的伴侣(soul mate)。

 

 

 

5. It is a waste of money for governments to fund space travel and space exploration.

解题思路：同意

① 政府应该把钱投在教育上，因为这不仅符合大多数人的利益，而且可以为国家发展培养人才。(Government should spend money on education, because this practice not only conforms to the interests of the majorities but also cultivate various talents for the successful development of our country.）解释论证：首先肯定教育的重要性（The importance of education to the development of a nation can never be exaggerated.）投资在教育（investing in education）以此来为国家培养人才，才是国家未来得以发展的保障。

② 政府应该把钱投在经济上，因为经济的发展可以提高全民的生活水平，也可以提升国家的政治地位。(Secondly, government should invest money in economic development, since the boom of economy will improve the living standard of the public as well as the raise the political status in the world.）对比论证：相比于把钱投入在太空旅游和太空探险，政府更应该把钱投入在经济发展上，这比投入在太空旅游上更重要。

因果论证：因为经济发展可以带来人们生活水平的提高（improve the living standard of the public），从而能让人们感到幸福，并且能够确保社会稳定（social stability），同时经济得以发展也能够提升国家在国际社会上的政治地位。

③ 让步段：不可否认，虽然投资发展太空旅游和太空探索有许多好处，诸如能够为我们需找新能源或是为人类找寻一个更适合居住的住所，但是相比于我们的观点，这些优势看似暗淡。(Admittedly, there are certain benefits of investing money in space exploration, such as developing new energy source and even finding an alternative home for human beings. However, compared with the reasons provided for our viewpoint, these advantages seem lackluster.）政府应该把投资放在解决更为紧迫的问题上。(Governmental investment should be devoted to solving more pressing issues such as education and economy.）

 

 

 

6. Do you agree or disagree the most effective way for governments to encourage energy conservation is to increase the price of gasoline and electricity?

解题思路:同意

① 人们对他们的能源消耗有所限制（By increasing these prices, people would be force to ration their energy consumption.）举例论证：他们会关小暖气，关掉不需要的灯，尽可能使用公共交通出行。（In order to save on bills each months, they would turn down the heating, turn off unnecessary lights, and use public transportation when possible.）

② 另外一个好处就是人们会更关注替代型，环保型的能源。（There would be an increased emphasis on alternative, more environmentally-friendly sources of energy.）举例论证：汽油型汽车耗油较大，人们会更愿意去使用混合动力汽车或者生物燃料汽车。（If people knew that gasoline-powered car was very expensive to run, they would be more likely to consider purchasing a hybrid vehicle or a bio-fuel vehicle.）

③ 在清洁能源上会有更多公众资金的支持。（There would also be more support for public

investment in clean sources of energy.）举例论证：公众会自己出资安装家庭太阳能

板或者风车。（Individuals may even take private measures by installing solar panels

or windmills on their properties.）

 

 

 

7. Which do you prefer? An interesting and challenging job with less vacation or a job with more vacation time but less fun.

解题思路: More vacation time can provide people more opportunities to enjoy their mental lives.

① 人们有更多机会体验不同事物（First of all, people can have the chances to experience a lot of different things at their vacation time. An increasing number of people begin to have a distant trip in their vacations. It will be an unforgettable and special experience for me to have a close contact with the nature and learn more about the local culture and history of that region, which can expand my horizons and knowledge.）

② 在工作之前完全的休息好非常重要（In addition, there is a growing aware about how important it is to get full-relaxed before we go back to work. Besides doing sports, listening to music, watching movies or doing some other things are all good forms of relaxation. Those can refresh our mind from long-time brain work so that we can work even more efficiently and actively after the vacations.）

③ 假期时光也能更好地帮助我们经营家庭（Finally, another equally crucial aspect is that more holiday time are needed for us to reunite with our families. The working people really need to have more time to communicate with their families, so a long vacation time is required.）

 

 

8. Do you agree or disagree: it is better to use your own knowledge and experience to solve problems than to ask other people for advice.

Position: I disagree with the statement that it is better to use your own knowledge and experience to solve problems than to ask other people for advice.

① There is no denying the fact that it is more efficient to come up with creative solutions of problems with help of other people. (在别人的帮助下能更有效率地提出问题的解答)

Demonstration: First, there are lots of various problems in daily life, which are beyond our abilities. In addition, we could seek the best way to solve problems with the guidance of our parents, teachers and friends, who may have lots of experience. （首先有很多问题我们自身的能力解决不了，其次有了别人的帮助之后我们能找到最好的解决方式）

②  Another factor which should be taken into account is that we can develop our abilities of communication and cooperation and learn how to handle enormous kinds of information for solving problems during the process. （在询问别人的过程中也能锻炼自己的沟通合作能力，以及面对海量信息的处理能力）

Demonstration: The ability of compiling numbers of information is quite essential in the complex world. （当今复杂的世界要求具有能够处理大量信息的能力）

③Concession: Admittedly, it is justifiable to hold that using your own knowledge and skills could develop your ability of solving problems alone.  （这一段是让步段，表明了依赖自己的知识技能解决问题可以锻炼自己的独立解决问题的能力）

 

 

 

9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Rather than help their children do school work, parents should encourage their children to do work independently.

解题思路：选择同意，encourage children to do work independently好。

①　Doing school work independently is a good opportunity to review what students have learned in class. 解释：without the help of parents, children为了完成作业，不得不自己亲自去再次复习回忆学校课堂里学习的理论（theories）、方法（methods）、公式（formulae）、例子（examples）等内容，甚至在父母的鼓励下，能够主动的去整理所学知识（organize what they have learned）。

②　Children can be more independently overall. 解释：习惯了独立学习之后（after being used to studying by their own），孩子渐渐地就会懂得遇到问题时(run up against roadblocks)主动寻求（seek for）解决问题的方法，而不是（instead of）依赖于别人的帮助(rely on the help from others)。

③　让步段：some may stress that assisting children with their homework is far different from simply offer help for study. Actually, this is the precious parent-child time（亲子时间） for busy parents to get closer to children and know how children perform in school. The children perhaps are willing to share some little secrets deep in heart. Sounds sweet, right? However, the truth would possibly be far from（远非，完全不） sweet. After wrestling with（努力克服，全力对付） all sorts of thorny problems at workplace, the exhausted parents possibly tend to be out of patience, especially when they find that their children even fail to solve an easy question. These impatient adults are likely to lose their temper and take their anger on the innocent children.

 

 

 

10. Do you agree or disagree: Universities should spend more money on facilities (such as libraries, computer labs, and technology in general) than to spend more money on hiring famous teachers.

解题思路：选择同意

① 花钱在设施上和学生成绩提高联系紧密。(There is a convincing connection between the quality of teaching facilities and students’ grades.) 例子用的是实验课。花钱买实验设备就能让枯燥实验课变得有趣。

② 花钱在设施上有助于培养学生创造力。(Teachers will be able to plan and develop intriguing teaching methods if they can take advantage of the best teaching facilities.) 例子用的机器人。花钱买机器人可以鼓舞学生以后设计自己的机器人。

③ 好的有名气的老师流动性比较大，而设施是不动产，能够保证教学的持久性。

 

 

 

11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Visiting museums is the best way to learn about a country.

解题思路：同意 visiting museums is the best way

① There is no denying that paying a visit to a museum teaches people a great deal about a nation's past. 解释：Touring around a history museum is just like going on a magical journey（奇幻旅程） through the ages. Such an unforgettable experience allows one to return to the remote past in person and witness what was happening. There is much to be learned and memorized.

② Visiting museums can also provide people with ample knowledge（丰富的知识） about the present magnificence of a country（一个国家的现世辉煌）. 解释：Ranging from art and science to agriculture, museums truly cover a vast area.

③ 让步：Admittedly, in addition to museum visits, there are also other ways to learn about a country. For example, reading books, local newspapers and magazines, watching news broadcasts on TV and seeing documentary films（记录片） could be some alternatives（替代方式）. 打压：However, comparatively, visiting museums proves to be a more direct way.

 

 

 

12. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is difficult for teachers to be both popular (students like them) and effective to help students learning.

解题思路：Disagree

① At first glance，being popular contradicts with the effectiveness of teaching.因为老师们想要popular among students，往往都不会太严格（strict）。It is understandable that a student tend to keep teachers at arm’s length（跟老师保持距离）if their teacher keeps a poker face all day long and sets strict rules in class.所以反过来说如果老师为了please students at the expense of being serious，那么the boundary between students and the teacher may be  blurred.因此no wonder会有人质疑（suspect）学生一旦跟老师熟悉起来，那么他们上课时可能就不会把老师的要求当回事儿（take… seriously）这自然就会影响老师的正常教学也会影响学生的学习质量。However, when we take a closer look at this issue, 会发现想要同时做到popular和effectively conduct class并不是那么困难。

②首先，老师们在设计自己的课堂的时候要充分结合学生的兴趣，将看似枯燥的学术知识（academic knowledge）用新颖（novel）有趣的方式表现出来。比如通过视频技术来给学生演示细胞发育成生命体的过程；让学生动手设计实验，自己去验证自己的想法，在讲解比较枯燥的数学公式时，题目的难度要设计的有针对性，不能一下子就难住学生而导致学生太挫败（frustrated），这样能让学生感受到学习的乐趣，老师也自然能在gain popularity的同时有效地进行了教学。

③其次，合理的课堂管理规则也可以让老师同时实现这两个目标。让学生多参与就是一种非常好的方法。比如老师在第一次上课时就让学生一起讨论并制定课堂好规则，跟学生确定好惩罚与奖励措施，并且可以给学生权利来自我管理。这样学生一方面能够感受到自己被尊重被重视，所以自然就会对老师更加尊敬，另外老师的课堂目标也能很容易地实现。

 

 

 

13. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Taking a lot of time to make an important decision is often considered as a bad quality for a person. However, some people think that it is a good quality for a person.

解题思路：I agree with the statement that it is a good quality for a person to take a lot of time to make an important decision.

① 当做决定之前如果能有充裕的(plentiful)时间思考，就更加可能把所有因素(factors)考虑进去，从不同的角度分析所做决定的利弊(calculate risks from different angles)，为可能发生的意外情况(the unpredictable things)以及产生的后果做好心理准备(be mentally prepared for the unknown consequences)，于是更可能做出一个明智(wise)的决定。

② 匆忙间做出的决定往往只能看到事情的一面(one side)，这样的决定很可能是基于(based on)次要因素（minor factor），而不是主要因素上(chief factor)。如果结果发现决定做错了(when it turns out that the decision made is wrong)，那就要花更多的时间和精力(more time and energy)去弥补(make up)，然而事前多花些时间可以做好多个应急预案(different contingency plans)，从而让人更加resilient。

③ 在行动前(before action)考虑更多，不仅能够保证(guarantee)事情的决定是明智的，而且还能提升行动时的效率(improve efficiency)，就像作家在写作之前会花很长时间先列个提纲(outline)，画家在作画之前会先反复很多次起个草(start with a sketch)，这些刚开始的努力(initial efforts)会保证接下来工作的顺利进行，对最后能否成就一个伟大的作品直接相关(be related with the making or breaking the final outcome)。

 

 

14. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to relax by a movie or reading a book than doing physical exercises.

解题思路：选择做运动

① 思想上可以得到放松（people’s mind is set at ease）。解释：运动让我们的注意力从工作转移到呼吸或者肌肉锻炼中(physical exercises unwind us by shifting our concentration from work to breathing or muscle building)，从而让我们放松下来。

② 体育运动可以增强人们对于疲劳的抵抗力(intensify one’s resistance against fatigue)。解释：一个人在运动之后可能会觉得很累(feel exhausted physically)，但是他的心血管系统在运动中可以得到增强(cardiovascular system is enhanced)，血液循环会变得更加有效率(the blood circulation becomes more efficient)，从而提升了人们的身体素质来抵抗压力。

③ 让步段：看电影和看书确实也能让身体得到放松(be at rest)。但是坐着看书和看电影对我们的健康非常不利(be to a large extent detrimental to our physical health)，久坐会削弱我们抵抗疲劳的能力(the state of inactivity will weaken our ability to get rid of stress)，同时过度用眼(the excessive use of eyes)也会伤害视力，从而对缓解压力没有任何好处。

 

 

15. When people spend a lot of time watching sports on television or following their favorite team. Does this has a negative influence on the lives of people?

Agree：

① 如果自律能力不强，人们就容易沉迷于各式各样的体育节目。（If people have not strong  self-discipline, it is easy to indulge in diverse sport programs.）举例论证：很多青少年会因此放弃学业，将大部分的注意力放在体育节目上（A lot of young people will give up their studies, and pay more  attention to  sport programs.）

② 容易盲目崇拜某个球员或某支球队，从而产生过激行为。（People tend to worship blindly a player or a team, which results in aggressive behavior.）举例论证：在观看俱乐部比赛中，常常会出现球迷冲突。（In some club matches, fans usually clashed inside and outside the stadium.）

③ 看体育节目的时间过长，因此没有时间去锻炼身体。（People spend a lot of time in watching sport programs, therefore  they have no enough time to exercise.）举例论证：青少年的近视人数日益增多（The number of myopic juvenile is increasing.）

 

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